When analyzing data, graphing equations and performing computations, we are most often working with real numbers. Real numbers are the set of all numbers that can be expressed as a decimal or that are on the number line. Real numbers have certain properties and different classifications, including natural, whole, integers, rational and irrational.

A polynomial is an expression consists of constants, variables and exponents. It’s mathematical form is- a¬¬¬nxn + an-1xn-1 + an-2xn-2 + a2x2 + a1x + a0 = 0 where the (ai)’s are constant Degree of Polynomials Let P(y) is a polynomial in y, then the highest #ffffcc power of y in the P(y) will be the degree of polynomial P(y). Types of Polynomial according to their Degrees Type of polynomial Degree Form Constant 0 P(x) = a Linear 1 P(x) = ax + b Quadratic 2 P(x) = ax2 + ax + b Cubic 3 P(x) = ax3 + ax2 + ax + b Bi-quadratic 4 P(x) = ax4 + ax3 + ax2 + ax + b

A triangle is a closed curve which is formed by 3 line segments. The line segments by which the triangle is formed are called sides of the triangle. The points of intersections of the sides of the triangle are called the vertices of the triangle. The angles formed at the vertices are called the angles of the triangle. So, in a triangle, there are 3 sides, 3 vertices and 3 angles. Assume a triangle ΔABC where, Sides : AB, BC, CA Vertices: A, B, C Angles: ∠BAC, ∠ABC , ∠BCA. PARTS OF THE TRIANGLE: There is some terminology associated with the triangles. Base: Its is the bottom side of the triangle. Base angles: Two angles which touch the base. Vertex of the triangle: The angle which is opposite to the base

Statistics is a form of mathematical analysis that uses quantified models, representations and synopses for a given set of experimental data or real-life studies. Statistics studies methodologies to gather, review, analyze and draw conclusions from data. Some statistical measures include the following: Mean, median, mode, variance etc. Statistics is a term used to summarize a process that an analyst uses to characterize a data set. If the data set depends on a sample of a larger population, then the analyst can develop interpretations about the population primarily based on the statistical outcomes from the sample. Statistical analysis involves the process of gathering and evaluating data and then summarizing the data into a mathematical form. Statistics is used in various disciplines such as psychology, business, physical and social sciences, humanities, government, and manufacturing. Statistical data is gathered using a sample procedure or other method. Two types of statistical methods are used in analyzing data: descriptive statistics and inferential statistics. Descriptive statistics are used to synopsize data from a sample exercising the mean or standard deviation. Inferential statistics are used when data is viewed as a subclass of a specific population.

Probability is the science of how likely events are to happen. At its simplest, it’s concerned with the roll of a dice, or the fall of the cards in a game. But probability is also vital to science and life more generally. Probability is used, for example, in such diverse areas as weather forecasting and to work out the cost of your insurance premiums. A basic understanding of probability is an essential skill in life, even if you are not a professional gambler or weather forecaster. Basic Probability: Some Concepts The probability that an event will occur is a number between 0 and 1. In other words, it is a fraction. It is also sometimes written as a percentage, because a percentage is simply a fraction with a denominator of 100.